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"Queen of England from 1543 until 1547, the last of the six wives of King Henry VIII."

"On 20th September 1492 Anne Beauchamp, Countess of Warwick died, aged about 66, in Beaulieu Abbey. The Countess had led an extremely eventful, and tragic, life. Countess in her own right, in around 1450 she was married to Richard Neville, son of the Earl of Salisbury, nephew-by-marriage and key supporter of Richard, Duke of York. Her husband took her title, and became known as ‘Warwick the Kingmaker’ for his involvement in the Wars of the Roses – first supporting York, then, when he understood that he could not have unlimited power, Lancaster. When Warwick was killed at the Battle of Barnet in 1471, Anne’s own Warwick lands were taken from her in an appalling act of injustice by her two sons-in-law, George, Duke of Clarence, and Richard, Duke of Gloucester, later Richard III. For a brief while, she was the mother of the Queen, when Richard III took the throne with Anne Neville beside him. In 1486, when Henry VII was victorious, the Countess petitioned for the return of her lands. She received some, but was obliged to disinherit her grandson, Edward Earl of Warwick, in favour of the King."

"On 19thSeptember 1521, Cardinal Lorenzo Campeggio, who was Bishop of Salisbury, and, in theory, England’s advocate at the court of Rome, wrote to Cardinal Wolsey in London. In his letter, Campeggio says how delighted he was to read the ‘golden book’ that had been sent to him for presentation to the Pope. The book in question was Henry VIII’s own handiwork – his ‘Assertio septem sacramentorum contra M. Luther.’ This was a polemic against the reforming Augustinian Canon, Martin Luther, whose criticisms of the Church were sending shockwaves around Europe."

"The actual authorship has been disputed – did Henry write it himself, or was it ghost written by Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, or Thomas More? Henry certainly had both the intellectual capacity and the interest to write it himself. Theological argument was one of his favourite pastimes. Erasmus (whose word cannot entirely be relied on as he was always eager to flatter anyone who might send him money) said he believed Henry was the author. It doesn’t seem unreasonable to suppose that Henry developed the main arguments, perhaps in discussion with leading thinkers in the debating style that he often promoted. He was notorious for not actually enjoying writing, so he probably dictated the actual words, or perhaps gave an outline and then reviewed it."

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